Bernard Brumberg " Lebanon 1978 "

Terrorists arriving from Lebanon by sea and begin a murderous journey: the first group stopped a car, killing the driver and the road traveled by shooting anything that moves. Another group stormed a bus, killing several passengers and, with others as hostages, heads to Tel Aviv where he demanded the release of prisoners. With the approach of Tel Aviv, the army fired into the wheels of the bus that departs from the road and ignited. The balance of the attack was unprecedented in Israel: 35 dead and dozens injured.

Operation Litani in southern Lebanon in response to the attack that preceded it. Terrorists hiding in a dense urban fabric and using people as human shield, the IDF will face urban guerrillas and civilians will be killed.

The Security Council adopted UN Resolution 425 calling on Israel to withdraw from Lebanon and calling for UN troops to take place.

Exchange of prisoners between Israel and terrorists settled in Lebanon: The soldier Amram Abraham was freed from Lebanon against 76 terrorists. Five terrorists from Lebanon have managed to cross the border and seize a Kibbutz Misgav Am crèche A man was killed and seven children were taken hostage. IDF tries twice to release the school. The first attempt was unsuccessful and the terrorists will grow back the army. The second attempt will succeed. Nevertheless, a 3 year old child is killed during the operation and a soldier.

The Israeli ambassador to Britain, Shlomo Argov, was seriously wounded by terrorists.

The government passed the "Operation Peace for Galilee" aimed to protect cities and villages of Galilee to the firing of terrorist attacks from Lebanon.

The main proponent of this plan is the Minister of Defence, Ariel Sharon, who hopes to liquidate the PLO in Beirut and to make available more power anti-Syrian and pro-Israel.

The attack against the Israeli ambassador to Britain is the incident that set fire to the powder . Militarily, the goal is ambitious because it must lead the IDF to Beirut.

Start of Operation Peace for Galilee.

Bophore battle. The Citadel Cross serves as the primary basis of terrorism against Israel from southern Lebanon. After a hard battle, supported by aviation, the IDF took the citadel. 6 soldiers killed during the operation.

The Air Force destroyed the Syrian missile batteries stationed in Lebanon. During the operation triggers the biggest air battles of history, during which the Israeli air forces and Syrian clash. It's a total victory for the Israelis. Syrian 100 aircraft are shot, the IDF did not lose. The Syrians have lost a third of their air force and half of their missiles.

The Vice Chief of Staff, General Yekoutiel Adam, was killed in Damor, following a terrorist attack on his vehicle. He exits the vehicle and fled into a building where terrorists kill posted.

Phenomenon of conscientious objection during the Lebanon war. Soldiers refuse to participate in operations in which innocent civilians may die. IDF took control of the Beirut airport. IDF tightens the noose around the south of Beirut. IDF controlled the entire contour of Beirut, after heavy fighting against the Syrians during which 16 soldiers were killed and 50 wounded. From 1 August, the IDF bombed massively terrorists hiding in Beirut.

A massacre perpetrated by Christian phalanges in the refugee camps of Sabra and Shatila.

The massacre took place two days after the death by assassination of the new President of Lebanon, close to Israel, the Christian Bashir Jemayel. Phalanges Christian asked to avenge the death of their president and have to go into the refugee camps to catch terrorists. Arrived in the camps, including the phalanges, which will perpetuate a massacre of hundreds of deaths, including many women and many children.
An agreement will be reached with the help of the American mediator Philip Habib: 15,000 terrorists left Beirut by sea to Syria, Jordan and Iraq.

Establishment of the Commission of Inquiry, under the direction of the President of the Supreme Court, Yitzhak Kahan to investigate Israeli responsibility in the massacres of Sabra and Shatila.

The commission of inquiry into the Sabra and Shatila publishes its findings: the Israelis, and the defense minister Ariel Sharon, bear an indirect responsibility in the massacre of Sabra and Shatila. They should have known what would phalanges Christian and do everything to stop them. IDF had control of the city and could therefore prevent the phalanges of perpetrating the massacre. Once started, the IDF could have intervened. The committee recommended that Ariel Sharon resigned from his post as defense minister. Ariel Sharon will refuse and will be forced to resign by Menachem Begin.

The issue of Sabra and Shatila has ceased to refer chronic since it arose. It has been widely used by the enemies of Israel to bring about the vindication of the defenders of human rights. In the popular mind, it is Israel itself that perpetrated the massacre. Ariel Sharon, meanwhile, has repeatedly proclaimed that he knew nothing of this massacre, which is not unlikely.

Prisoner exchange with the Syrians: 6 Israelis exchanged against 300 Syrians. 12 soldiers were killed in a bombing in southern Lebanon. A Shiite terrorist detonated his car in which there are 150 kg of explosives.

The government decided to withdraw Israeli troops from Lebanon. The withdrawal will actually take place until June and the IDF will have on the international border. She leaves in southern Lebanon a seat belt, controlled by TSADAL, the Christian South Lebanon Army, Israel's ally, and receives her support equipment and logistics. 200 IDF soldiers remain. However, this figure will increase gradually as the years, and Lebanon will experience a kind of "Vietnamization," which will end like Vietnam by the withdrawal of Israeli troops in 2000.

Bernard Brumberg Lebanon 1978 for Gamma Presse Images.